Avionics

Critical performance systems need high spec components, we support projects for Radar, EW, Communications, Landing, Control, Navigation solutions for Rotary and fixed wing aircraft.

Airborne electronics

The general direction of a modern airborne electronics is integration or size reduction.

Avionics has come to include communications, navigation, flight control, collision avoidance, military applications, landing aids, guidance and lighting, as well as electronics systems involved with the display and management of multiple systems. Avionics refers to electronic systems on aircraft, artificial satellites and spacecraft that provide communications, navigation and guidance, display systems, flight management systems, sensors and indicators, weather radars, electrical systems, and various computers onboard modern aircraft and spacecraft. It includes hundreds of systems fitted to aircraft to meet individual roles.

The avionics industry is now  accounts for around 30% of the total cost of the aircraft. Integration of avionics systems is a significant issue because the reduction in weight can be translated into longer range on less fuel and/or more passengers. Also, other very important issues are cost reduction, increased safety, improved aircraft performance, and size reduction.

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Interconnect technology

Interconnect technologies within avionics are advancing with the more prevalent use of Fibre optic solutions. Carlisle Interconnect Technologies is one of the world’s leading designers and manufacturers of high-performance wire and cable including fiber, RF/ Microwave, specialty and filtered connectors, cable assemblies, complex harnesses, integrated installation kits and ARINC trays, racks and shelf assemblies, and offers engineering and certification services with DER, DAR, and DMIR personnel on staff. For over 70 years, CarlisleIT has been delivering highly reliable products to Aerospace, Defense, Medical, Industrial and other markets. Originally founded as the Tensolite Company in 1940, CarlisleIT has grown dramatically and now encompasses many recognized brands beyond Tensolite, including CDI, ECS, Jerrik, and QMI. CarlisleIT’s commitment to innovation, global manufacturing and continuous improvement through the Carlisle Operating System (COS) make us ideally suited to support your most demanding programs and applications.

Headquartered in St. Augustine, Florida CarlisleIT has operations in Arizona, California, Florida, Washington, Wisconsin and China.

www.carlisleit.com.

Key features for avionic applications use of Fibre offer many benefits,weight of fibre is far less than equivalent coaxial solution, with much wider bandwidth. Fibre cable is inherently less susceptible to to Electromagnetic interference and cross talk.

CarlisleIT LITEflight™ fiber optic cable products bring the incredible performance benefits of fiber

optic communications into most demanding applications.

» Performance in temperature extremes with products available to operate in environments from -65°C to 260°C.

» Lowest susceptibility to thermally induced signal loss.

» Minimal bend sensitivity

» Extreme shock and vibration resistance

» Extended flexibility and flexure endurance

» Tight kink resistance and tolerance

» High tensile strength

» Maximum abrasion resistance

» Ultimate resistance to corrosive fluids and gases

» Widest connector and contact compatibility

» Low smoke & toxicity for transport installations

» Flame Resistance exceeding FAR 25 Appendix F

» Compatibility with the broadest range of contact and connector systems

» Radiation tolerant products available

Designed to perform in the harshest installation and operating environments CarlisleIT’s LITEflight™ fiber products offer unmatched performance in temperature extremes, high vibration, tight bending, high mechanical shock, corrosive and caustic installation scenarios. Add in the non-flammable properties, low smoke, low toxicity, low weight, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and you’ve got a future-proof fibre optic interconnect solution.

Use of fibre spreads over full scope of the airborne market

Commercial :

In-Flight Entertainment (IFE), Enhanced Vision, Video, Sensors, Flight Control (fly-by-light), Electronic Flight Bag.

Defence:

Heads-Up Display Systems, Airframe Sensors, Communications, Tracking and Target Acquisition, Primary Flight Computing, Shipboard Communication and Navigation Systems, Vehicle Communications and Sensors, Ground Based Tactical Communications, Ship-to-Shore Communication Systems, Deployable Radar Systems, Deployable Airfield Communications, Fiber-Guided Missiles, Tethered Sensors.

Satellite:

Communication Systems, Land-Based and Marine Geoseismic Sensor Applications, Underground and Surface Mining Instrumentation, Power Station Instrumentation and Sensors, Robotics and Automation Communications, Crane Festoon Cabling.

Typical Avionics Receiver Summary

These are the following specific requirements for the avionics RF and microwave receiver (RX):

 

• Narrow frequency band (from 0.2% for the Transponder up to 6% for the TCAS) or moderate frequency band (23% for the DME);

• Large dynamic range (up to 90 dB for the Weather Radar);

• Small or moderate manufacture quantity (from several hundred samples to tens of thousands samples per year);

• Strong resistance to environmental conditions (temperature, vibration, humidity, etc.);

• Very low size and weight;

• Low cost

For avionics microwave RXs, high integration, low cost as well as power and mass efficiency are particularly important. The development of new avionics RX is driven by the needs of all areas of space applications. The

key drivers can be summarized as follows:

• Higher dynamic range, more resolution, more channels.

• Low power consumption: spacecraft operate in an environment where the availability of electrical power is very limited, and the cost of power in terms of spacecraft mass is very high.

• Low mass: miniaturization of RX is often an enabling factor for demanding avionics systems, where miniaturization often goes hand in hand with a reduction of power consumption, which allows achieving further mass savings.

• Low RX cost: an important factor or reducing avionics systems cost; the reduction of mass and power consumption allows significant overall cost savings

Microwave typically refers to radio frequencies from 1 to 300 GHz. Microwave avionics systems include Microwave Landing System (MLS), Radio Altimeter (RALT), Global Positioning System (GPS), TCAS, XPDR, DME, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), Universal Access Transceiver (UAT), Traffic Information Services (TIS-B), Flight Information Services— Broadcast (FIS-B), Joint Tactical Information Distribution System/ Multi-functional Information Distribution System (JTIDS/MIDS), WXR.

Functions of Receivers

The principal functions within microwave RXs are: filtering, amplification, frequency down conversion, isolation (ISO) between transmitter (XMTR) and RX (if necessary), protection from parasitic signals, channel switching (if necessary), and selftest. The RXs of avionics systems are connected to antenna (ANT) through cables. These networks have a different architecture, which is represented in Figure 1. All microwave RXs can be implemented in the two following architectures: without XMTR (or separated from XMTR) and combined RX/XMTR or transceiver (XCVR) with common antenna system. The XCVR requires the special duplexer for separation of a

RX from a XMTR. The multichannel RX is used in systems with antenna array, multi-antenna systems, etc. In the modern high sensitivity systems, the active ANT can be used. The main characteristics of the microwave RX depend on aircraft system requirements. The system specification should be transform into microwave receiver requirements.

Receiver Components Microwave RXs are based on the use of:

• Planar transmission lines;

• Distributed and lumped passive components;

• Passive devices;

• Control devices;

• Active solid-state devices;

• Passive and active antennas.